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Originally published Jan/Feb 1999 Valve Train Disassembly After
valve subassemblies are removed, the lifters usually come out quite
easily. If you hope to use the same lifters and cam, maintain ID on the
lifters so that they can be reinstalled on the cam lobe that they are
mated to. After the lifters are out, the cam will slide forward and
out. If you intend to you reuse the cam bearings, avoid striking them
with cam lobes -- the lobe edges are sharp, and can ruin cam bearings.
Cleaning Next
you need to clean all of the valve train parts that you hope to reuse.
Alkaline cleaners take off the oily grime, and carbon can be removed
mechanically or with carburetor cleaner.
Camshaft Checks
should include: condition of the gear teeth that drive the oil pump
idler gear and, for 49-53, the distributor drive gear. Some visible
wear is permitted; if pitting or severe wear is noted, the gear should
be replaced. These gears can also be damaged by careless handling.
Mechanical damage in the center 2/3 of a tooth is cause for replacement.
The
straightness should be checked with the end journals on vee blocks
using an indicator on the center journal. We allow not more than .001"
TIR (total indicator reading). If it is less straight than this and
otherwise good, a cam or crank grinder can straighten it for you. The
fuel pump eccentric between the halves of the rear cam journal should
be reasonably smooth and TIR should be .200"; we use a wear limit of
.180".
The
journals should be smooth and 1.796 to 1.797", wear limit is 1.795". If
under that, the journals may be ground to an undersize, then polished.
Cam bearings are available .010, .020, and .030" undersize ID.
The lobes should not be pitted, nor worn excessively at the nose.
You may compare the more worn lobes with less worn lobes, on the same
cam, to get an idea of wear.
If present, check the cam gear
mounting bolt holes for good threads and no cracks to the O.D. These
are not strong enough to turn a tight camshaft, using two bolts and a
bar, but that may have been tried.
Lifters Lifters
should be checked for a convex bottom surface with no pits or grooves.
The bottom edge should not be chipped. The convex radius on the bottom
is important to ensure that the lifter doesn't contact the edge of the
cam lobe. If you are reusing the lifters on the same cam, then that
radius can be flattened somewhat but should not be flat. If you are
using the lifters on a fresh cam, do the cam and yourself a favor and
buy new lifters or have the old ones resurfaced to the proper convex
radius. The top of the lifter can be ground with the same radius at
this time. If your lifters are adjustable, check that there is at least
5 ft-lb of torque required to move the adjusting screw before you spend
the money to resurface.
You usually can not change adjusting screws from one lifter to another. When in doubt, replace.
Valves Measure
the stems for wear. If worn more than .001", discard. If there are
galled, or rough, areas on the stem, don't use them either. After face
grinding, check the margin. The margin is the surface between the face
and the top of the valve head, the OD of the valve head. It should be
at least 70% as thick as new. Different years had different materials
and designs of valves, so it is difficult to give a dimension is
correct for all.
If you have a 48 and earlier engine and most of your valves are bad, consider using a 49-53 upper valve train.
Springs Springs
should be checked for force at the specified height and "cock" or out
of square between ground end and the longitudinal centerline of the
spring. The specifications we use are 37 @ 2-1/8" for 33-48, 40 @
2-1/8" for 49-51 with one piece retainers and 39 @ 1-7/8" for 52-53
with two piece retainers. Rusty springs should be discarded, rust pits
tend to cause fatique failures.
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